Monica Eymara Jatai de Castro, Matheus Rangell Rodrigue de Souza, Ítalo Anderson Lopes Pinheiro Clarindo, Pedro Gouveia Do Vale

Monica Eymara Jatai de Castro, Medical student at the Estácio de Sá College – São Paulo – BRA, ORCID:0009-0007-7108-4212; (https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7108-4212), E-mail: moniquynha@gmail.com

Matheus Rangell Rodrigue de Souza, Medical student at Universidade do Rio Verde – Goiás – BRA, ORCID: 0000-0003-1512-6514 (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1512-6514), E-mail; Matheus.rangell@hotmail.com

Ítalo Anderson Lopes Pinheiro Clarindo, Medical student at Universidade São Caetano – São Paulo – BRA; ORCID: 0009-0002-6474-8336; (https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6474-8336), E-mail: italo.clarindo@uscs.com.br

Pedro Gouveia Do Vale, Medical student at Santa Marcelina College – São Paulo – BRA; ORCID: 0009-0006-9982-8239; (https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9982- 8239), E-mail: pedro.gouveia7@outlook.com.br

Corresponding author: Uyeda, Mari, PhD in Oncology – A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Pos Doctoral Student – A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Medical Student – ​​Universidad Nacional Ecológica. Email: mari53972@uecologica.edu.bo; ORCID: 0000-0002-9490-6000 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9490-6000)

Citation: Monica Eymara Jatai de Castro, Matheus Rangell Rodrigue de Souza, Ítalo Anderson Lopes Pinheiro Clarindo, Pedro Gouveia Do Vale (2025) Advanced Approaches in the Treatment of Acute Abdomen: A Systematic Review. Int J Gastroenterol Hepatol Endosc, 3(1);01-07.

Copyright: © 2025, Uyeda, Mari, et al., This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute abdomen is a medical emergency that requires rapid diagnosis and effective intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality. With technological advances, new minimally invasive approaches and endovascular procedures have been explored to optimise the treatment of these conditions. This study presents a systematic review of advanced strategies used in the management of acute abdominal conditions, analysing their efficacy and clinical impact. Methodology: Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed to select relevant studies published in the main scientific databases, such as PubMed, Scielo and Cochrane Library. Clinical trials, observational studies and previous systematic reviews evaluating modern approaches, including laparoscopy, arterial embolisation, endovascular thrombolysis and angioplasty with stents, were analyzed. Results: They demonstrate that minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopy and endovascular procedures, significantly reduce complications, length of hospital stay and need for postoperative analgesia. Endovascular thrombolysis and angioplasty with stents have proven effective in the treatment of acute vascular abdomen, improving patient survival and reducing the need for bowel resection. In addition, the use of arterial embolisation has been essential in the management of intra-abdominal haemorrhages, avoiding more aggressive open surgeries. Discussion: Innovation in the diagnosis and treatment of acute abdomen is important. Technological advances and the integration of multidisciplinary teams allow for more accurate and safe management, minimising risks and improving patient recovery. Despite the benefits, challenges remain, such as the need for better strategies for hemorrhagic acute abdomen and the identification of biomarkers that can predict clinical outcomes. Artificial intelligence and clinical decision support systems emerge as promising tools to improve treatment personalisation. Conclusion: Advanced approaches in the treatment of acute abdomen demonstrate a positive impact on clinical practice, providing better patient outcomes and reducing morbidity associated with invasive procedures. The evolution of medical techniques has allowed for more efficient and safe management, promoting significant advances in the care of patients with this condition.